sábado 12 de julio 2025

Corredor de Ofrendas, una opción para recorrer el Centro Histórico de Puebla (FOTOS)

En 14 puntos del primer cuadro de la ciudad, los pobladores y visitantes recorren igual número de ofrendas que diversos grupos y organizaciones han levantado en memoria de reconocidos escritores, cronistas e historiadores, a través del programa Corredor de Ofrendas 2018.

La celebración de Día de Muertos en México, desde el 2003, es considerada como Patrimonio Intangible de la Humanidad por la Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Educación, la Ciencia y la Cultura (Unesco por sus siglas en inglés), y cada año esta celebración única en México está más viva en el país.

En la ciudad de Puebla, este año espacios públicos y culturales han realizado un circuito para que los poblanos y paseantes admiren los altares de muertos, con el propósito de promover esta celebración, conocer la trayectoria de grandes hombres y mujeres de Puebla y el mundo, y disfrutar de la riqueza cultural y artística que ofrece la ciudad capital.

Del 29 de octubre al 6 de noviembre, en un horario de 10:00 a 20:00 horas de lunes a viernes, y de 10:00 a 22:00 horas los sábados y domingos, los visitantes pueden recorrer los 14 sitios y en cada uno admirar la creatividad de sus realizadores, el color que se desprende en cada una de éstas y, sobre todo, el homenaje que se rinde a la memoria de personalidades destacadas en el mundo de la escritura, crónica e historia.

El recorrido, de acceso libre, inicia en la Casa de la Cultura (5 oriente número 5 Col. Centro) donde la ofrenda está dedicada al escritor, cronistas e historiador Pedro Ángel Palou Pérez, quien falleció el pasado 11 de enero y que en vida y muerte fue galardonado con un sin número de premios y reconocimientos.

La ofrenda se ubica en la parte central del patio del inmueble, luciendo en la parte superior de ésta una fotografía a blanco y negro del fallecido, así como elementos que fueron imprescindible en la vida de Don Pedro Ángel, como una vieja máquina de escribir mecánica, libros, luces, lupa, escritorio y mapas.

Como segundo punto, en el inmueble de enfrente, en la Catedral de Puebla luce un altar dedicado a Los Escritores de la Arquitectura de la Puebla Virreinal, todos representados con esqueletos hechos a base de cartonería y mucho color en las figuras, así como por el papel picado y las docenas de flores de cempasúchil.

Visitantes locales, nacionales e internacionales observan desde un esqueleto del Arcángel Miguel hasta la figura cadavérica de obispos y ángeles, algunos acompañados por alebrijes, ángeles y demonios.

En el edificio Carolino de la Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP) luce un altar dedicado a José María Lafragua, un poblano que fue periodista, político, legislador y canciller, reconocido por sus ideales liberales y republicanas.

Desempeñó varias veces el cargo de secretario de Relaciones Exteriores en los gobiernos de Ignacio Comonfort, Benito Juárez y Sebastián Lerdo de Tejada, con una actuación sobresaliente.

En 1860 fue encargado de negocios de México en España y en 1861 regresó de Europa. El Corredor de Ofrendas, además de permitir recorrer las calles de Puebla, también enseña la vida y obra de grandes figuras literarias como se refleja en el altar de muertos dedicado a Luis Cabrera, que se localiza en una de las salas de exposición del Museo del Tecnológico de Monterrey.

En el edificio de la calle 4 Norte número 5 se percibe el olor a flor de cempasúchil, pero también del penetrante aroma del chile costeño rojo que forma parte del tapete de la ofrenda donde lucen figuras prehispánicas de piedra.

Este tapete de flores y semillas simboliza los nueve inframundos que representan al útero de la madre tierra en el concepto mesoamericano del universo. Este es el sitio a donde todos vamos después de morir y donde se encuentran los restos de nuestros ancestros.

De igual manera se encuentran cinco glifos toponímicos de distintas localidades del estado de Puebla, presidiéndolos el glifo de Zacatlán, lugar donde nació Cabrera.

En el segundo nivel de la ofrenda se ubican algunos de los elementos representativos de la vida de Luis Cabrera como fue su actividad periodística, intelectual y política. Al centro de observa un ejemplar de su libro: “Diccionario de Aztequismos”.

Como ejemplo están algunas palabras como canica, que en la etimología náhuatl significa Aquí estoy; Cuitlacoche, que significa Excremento dormido; Chincual, que Tzintli significa trasero, y cualli significa bueno, sabroso o caliente; o Coconete, que es reduplicativo de conetl: niño.

En la parte superior no podría faltar una página del periódico «El Hijo del Ahuizote», pues éste fue el espacio que ocupó para dar a conocer las críticas que siempre tuvo en contra del general Porfirio Díaz.

En la Capilla de Arte de la Universidad de las Américas Puebla (UDLAP), también en figuras de cartonería elaborada por los alumnos de dicha institución, luce la ofrenda dedicada a Manuela de la Ascensión Cerezo, considerada como la Primer Mujer Impresora de Puebla.

Su esquelética figura luce vestida a la usanza de la época y un mandil en impecable tono blanco frente a la impresora que día a día trabajaba, por Cédula Real, única autorizada en imprimir los actos, conclusiones y papeles de combite (sic) para entierros y demás funciones que se ofrezcan en la Ciudad de Puebla de los Ángeles.

En la Quinta Analco, el visitante puede conocer la ofrenda dedicada a Elena Garro; en el edificio que alberga la Secretaría de Cultura y Turismo del Estado, la ofrenda está dedicada a Sergio Pitol; en la Auditoria Superior del Estado, hay un altar para Gilberto Bosques Saldívar.

En el Barrio del Artista la ofrenda de muertos fue hecha en memoria de Hugo Leicht Meyer; en el edificio Herencia 811, la ofrenda es para el alma de Ernesto de la Torre Villar; en el Museo de Arte Religioso de Santa Mónica, veladoras, comida y flores son para Sor María de San José.

En La Casa del Mendrugo, para Jorge Roberto Ortiz Dietz; en la Secretaría General del Gobierno del Estado, los trabajadores levantaron un altar por el alma de Manuel María Flores; mientras que en el Museo Interactivo de la Batalla del 5 de Mayo la ofrenda es para Miguel Galindo Galindo.

Aún cuando se repiten elementos propios de la temporada como hojaldras, pan de muerto, veladoras, flores de cempasúchil y flor de terciopelo; alimentos como dulces, arroz, mole, tamales, alcohol y otros, ninguna ofrenda es igual que otra.

Alumnos, trabajadores e instituciones trabajaron de manera diferente, pero todos reflejan en sus altares creatividad y respeto por la persona que ya murieron y, que de acuerdo a la tradición, solo una vez al año tienen permiso del más allá para regresar a visitar a sus familiares, quienes los esperan con viandas, luz y esperanza.

noviembre 1, 2018 - 10:35 am

Por: Staff

Cultura, Noticias Destacadas

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ADS_PARAM$1=CAFKey,MESSAGE_PREFIX="FSXDC,.aCS:",ALLOWED_ORIGINS=["https://www.google.com","https://www.adsensecustomsearchads.com","https://syndicatedsearch.goog","https://googleadservices.com"];class Pixels{static build(e){const t=unpackPHPArrayObject(e,"pixel_tracking_data");if(t)return t.useAltTikTokEventsForAdsPlatformUser=e.is_ads,new Pixels(t)}constructor(e){this.onPixelEvent=e=>{const{detail:{type:t}}=e;switch(t){case"visit":case"ctr":case"click":this.providers.forEach((e=>e.handlePixelEvent(t)))}},this.providers=[],e.facebook&&Object.keys(e.facebook).forEach((t=>{this.providers.push(new Facebook({[t]:e.facebook[t]}))})),e.tiktok&&Object.keys(e.tiktok).forEach((t=>{this.providers.push(new Tiktok({[t]:e.tiktok[t]}))})),e.taboola&&Object.keys(e.taboola).forEach((t=>{this.providers.push(new Taboola({[t]:e.taboola[t]}))})),e.revcontent&&Object.keys(e.revcontent).forEach((t=>{this.providers.push(new Revcontent({[t]:e.revcontent[t]}))})),e.outbrain&&this.providers.push(new Outbrain(e.outbrain)),e.googleads&&Object.keys(e.googleads).forEach((t=>{this.providers.push(new GoogleAds({[t]:e.googleads[t]}))}))}listenForEvents(){document.addEventListener("pixel",(e=>{this.onPixelEvent(e)}));window.onmessage=e=>{const{origin:t,data:n}=e;ALLOWED_ORIGINS.includes(t)&&"string"==typeof n&&(null==n?void 0:n.startsWith(MESSAGE_PREFIX))&&new URLSearchParams(window.location.search).has(ADS_PARAM$1)&&document.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent("pixel",{detail:{type:"click"}}))}}listenForPixelEvents(){document.addEventListener("pixel",(e=>{this.onPixelEvent(e)}))}dispatchEvent(e){document.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent("pixel",{detail:e}))}}var State;!function(e){e[e.Pending=0]="Pending",e[e.Loaded=1]="Loaded",e[e.Failure=2]="Failure",e[e.TimedOut=3]="TimedOut",e[e.Errored=4]="Errored"}(State||(State={}));const CAF_SCRIPT_SRC=`https://www.google.com/adsense/domains/caf.js?${GOOGLE_MV3_URL_PARAMS}`,TIMEOUT_SCRIPTS=Number(GOOGLE_CAF_TIMEOUT_SCRIPTS),TIMEOUT_CALLBACKS=Number(GOOGLE_CAF_TIMEOUT_CALLBACKS);class StateMachine{constructor(){this.state=State.Pending}transitionTo(e){this.state=e}transitionFromPendingTo(e){this.done||(this.state=e)}get loaded(){return this.state===State.Loaded}get timedOut(){return this.state===State.TimedOut}get done(){return this.state!==State.Pending}}class Ads{constructor(e,t){this.state={script:new StateMachine,blocks:new StateMachine},this.blocksLoaded=[],this.injectScriptTags=()=>__awaiter(this,void 0,void 0,(function*(){return new Promise((e=>{const t=document.createElement("script");t.type="text/javascript",t.src=CAF_SCRIPT_SRC,t.addEventListener("load",(()=>e(!0))),t.addEventListener("error",(()=>e(!1))),document.body.appendChild(t),TIMEOUT_SCRIPTS>0&&setTimeout((()=>e(!1)),TIMEOUT_SCRIPTS)}))})),this.onPageLoaded=(e,t)=>{if(this.pageLoaded={requestAccepted:e,status:t},this.state.script.done)return;const n=null==t?void 0:t.error_code;n?(this.state.script.transitionTo(State.Failure),this.failureReason=`caf_pageloaderror_${n}`):this.state.script.transitionTo(State.Loaded)},this.onBlockLoaded=(e,t,n,i)=>{this.blocksLoaded.push({containerName:e,adsLoaded:t,isExperimentVariant:n,callbackOptions:i}),this.state.blocks.done||(t?this.state.blocks.transitionTo(State.Loaded):this.blocksLoaded.length>=this.blocks.length&&(this.state.blocks.transitionTo(State.Failure),this.failureReason=`caf_adloadfail_${e}`))},this.onTimeout=()=>{this.state.script.transitionFromPendingTo(State.TimedOut),this.state.blocks.transitionFromPendingTo(State.TimedOut)},this.blocks=e,this.options=t}get loaded(){return this.state.script.loaded&&!this.blocksLoaded.map((e=>e.adsLoaded)).includes(!1)}waitForBlocks(){return __awaiter(this,void 0,void 0,(function*(){return new Promise((e=>{const t=()=>{const n=performance.now();if(this.state.blocks.done)return this.cafLoadTime=Math.round(n-this.cafStartTime),void e();const i=this.blocksLoaded.map((e=>e.adsLoaded));i.includes(!1)||i.length>=this.blocks.length?e():setTimeout(t,50)};t()}))}))}inject(){return __awaiter(this,void 0,void 0,(function*(){try{const e=yield this.injectScriptTags();return this.cafStartTime=performance.now(),e&&void 0!==window.google?(new window.google.ads.domains.Caf(Object.assign(Object.assign({},this.options),{pageLoadedCallback:this.onPageLoaded,adLoadedCallback:this.onBlockLoaded}),...this.blocks),TIMEOUT_CALLBACKS>0&&setTimeout(this.onTimeout,TIMEOUT_CALLBACKS),yield new Promise((e=>{const t=()=>{this.state.script.done?e():setTimeout(t,10)};t()}))):void this.state.script.transitionTo(State.Failure)}catch(e){return void(this.error=e.toString())}}))}toCallbacks(){return{adLoadedCallback:this.blocksLoaded.slice(-1)[0],pageLoadedCallback:this.pageLoaded,cafTimedOut:this.state.script.timedOut||this.state.blocks.timedOut,cafLoadedMs:this.cafLoadTime,googleAdsFailure:!!this.failureReason}}toContext(){const e={cafScriptWasLoaded:this.state.script.loaded,cafScriptLoadTime:this.cafLoadTime,callbacks:this.toCallbacks};return this.error&&(e.js_error={message:this.error}),this.state.script.loaded||(e.zeroclick={reason:"googleAdsFailure"}),e}mockFailedState(){this.state.blocks.transitionTo(State.Failure),this.state.script.transitionTo(State.Failure)}}class TagManager{constructor(e){this.injected=!1,this.identifier=e}inject(){if(this.injected)return;if(!this.identifier)return;if("TEST"===this.identifier)return;const e=document.createElement("script");e.setAttribute("src",`https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=${this.identifier}`),document.head.appendChild(e),this.track(),this.injected=!0}track(){this.push("js",new Date),this.push("config",this.identifier)}push(e,t){window.dataLayer||(window.dataLayer=[]),window.dataLayer.push(arguments)}}const ADS_PARAM=CAFKey,ADS_TRACKING_URL="_tr",BLOCKS_TYPE="ads",BLOCKS_CONTAINER="rs",KNOWN_CAF_PARAMS=["caf","query","afdToken","pcsa","nb","nm","nx","ny","is","clkt"];class Google{static build({pageOptions:e,preferredLanguage:t,blocks:n,googleAnalytics:i},s,a,o){let r={};e&&(r=Object.assign({},e),r.hl||(r.hl=t));let d=null==e?void 0:e.resultsPageBaseUrl;d||(d=window.location.origin);return new Google(s.uuid,n,r,i,d,o)}constructor(e,t,n,i,s,a){this._blocks=t,this._pageOptions=n,this.uuid=e,this._baseURL=new URL(s),this._signature=a,this.ads=new Ads(this.blocks,this.pageOptions),this.tagManager=new TagManager(i)}injectTagManager(){this.tagManager.inject()}injectAds(){return __awaiter(this,void 0,void 0,(function*(){yield this.ads.inject()}))}waitForBlocks(){return __awaiter(this,void 0,void 0,(function*(){return this.ads.waitForBlocks()}))}get blocks(){return(this._blocks||[]).filter((e=>this.wantsToServeAds?e.type===BLOCKS_TYPE:e.container===BLOCKS_CONTAINER)).map((e=>{const t=this.baseURL;new URLSearchParams(window.location.search).forEach(((e,n)=>{t.searchParams.has(n)||t.searchParams.append(n,e)}));const n=Object.assign({},e);if(n.resultsPageBaseUrl=t.toString(),this.wantsToServeAds){const e=new URLSearchParams;e.append("click","true"),e.append("session",this.uuid);const t=Object.assign({},this._signature);delete t.ad_loaded_callback,delete t.caf_loaded_ms,delete t.caf_timed_out,delete t.flex_rule,delete t.frame,delete t.js_error,delete t.no_ads_redirect,delete t.page_headers,delete t.page_request,delete t.page_loaded_callback,delete t.popup,delete t.screen_resolution,delete t.user_has_ad_blocker,delete t.user_preference,delete t.user_supports_darkmode,delete t.user_using_darkmode,delete t.zeroclick,e.append("signature",encode(t)),n.clicktrackUrl=`${TRACKING_DOMAIN}${ADS_TRACKING_URL}?${e.toString()}`}return n}))}get baseURL(){const e=new URL(this._baseURL.origin);return e.searchParams.append(ADS_PARAM,"1"),this._baseURL.searchParams.forEach(((t,n)=>{e.searchParams.append(n,t)})),e}get pageOptions(){const e=Object.assign({},this._pageOptions);return Object.keys(this._pageOptions).forEach((t=>{t.startsWith("bodis")&&delete e[t]})),e}get cannotLoadAds(){return!this.ads.loaded}get wantsToServeAds(){return new URLSearchParams(window.location.search).has(ADS_PARAM)}get adsMode(){return this.ads.loaded&&this.wantsToServeAds}get adsReady(){return this.wantsToServeAds&&!this.cannotLoadAds}get noAdsRedirectUrl(){const e=new URLSearchParams(window.location.search);return KNOWN_CAF_PARAMS.forEach((t=>e.delete(t))),`${window.location.origin}?${e.toString()}`}get callbacks(){return this.ads.toCallbacks()}toContext(){return Object.assign({blocks:this.blocks,pageOptions:this.pageOptions},this.ads.toContext())}}class CookieConsentManager{constructor(){this.injectScriptTag=()=>__awaiter(this,void 0,void 0,(function*(){return new Promise((e=>{const t=document.createElement("script");t.setAttribute("src",COOKIE_CONSENT_JS_URL),t.addEventListener("load",(()=>this.awaitConsent(e))),t.addEventListener("error",(()=>e(!1))),document.head.appendChild(t)}))}))}inject(){return __awaiter(this,void 0,void 0,(function*(){this.injected||!COOKIE_CONSENT_JS_URL||isLocal()||(this.injected=yield this.injectScriptTag())}))}awaitConsent(e){let t=0;const n=setInterval((()=>{t+=1,20===t&&(clearInterval(n),e(!0)),void 0!==window.__tcfapi&&(window.addEventListener("ConsentActivity",(t=>{const{detail:{status:n}}=t;n&&e(!0)})),clearInterval(n))}),50)}}class Cheq{constructor(e){let t;if(t="string"==typeof e?parseInt(e,10):e,t<0||t>100)throw new Error("Load percentage must be between 0 and 100");this.loadPercentage=t}inject(e,t,n){return __awaiter(this,void 0,void 0,(function*(){if(!n||this.injected)return;100*Math.random()<=this.loadPercentage&&(this.injected=this.injectScriptTag(e,t))}))}injectScriptTag(e,t){const n=document.createElement("script");return n.type="text/javascript",n.async=!0,n.setAttribute("src","https://ob.forseasky.com/i/148870ae21863d775c347e8893c985af.js"),n.setAttribute("data-ch","cheq4ppc"),n.setAttribute("data-uvid",e),n.setAttribute("data-utm-campaign",t.toString()),n.className="ct_clicktrue_73521",document.head.appendChild(n),!0}}class App{main(){var e,t;return __awaiter(this,void 0,void 0,(function*(){if(this.parkResponse=decode(),this.findDomainResponse=yield getFindDomain(),!this.findDomainResponse)throw new Error("Domain failed to load.");this.pixels=Pixels.build(this.findDomainResponse),null===(e=this.pixels)||void 0===e||e.listenForEvents(),this.adblock=new Adblock,yield this.adblock.inject(),this.google=Google.build(this.findDomainResponse,this.parkResponse,this.adblock,buildSignature({context:this.context,callbacks:null===(t=this.google)||void 0===t?void 0:t.callbacks},"click")),this.google.injectTagManager();const n=Parking.build(this.findDomainResponse,this.google);Render.prerender(n),this.cheq=new Cheq(AFD_CHEQ_LOAD_PERCENTAGE),this.cheq.inject(this.parkResponse.uuid,this.findDomainResponse.userId,this.findDomainResponse.referral),this.cookieConsentManager=new CookieConsentManager,yield this.cookieConsentManager.inject();let i=Failed.cannotPark(this.findDomainResponse);if(i)return void(yield this.transitionToFailed(i,n));yield this.google.injectAds();let s=Disabled.build(this.findDomainResponse,this.adblock.state);if(s)return void(yield this.transitionToDisabled(s,n));const a=this.adblock.hasAdblocker();a&&this.adblock.handleAdblocked();const o=Sales.build(this.findDomainResponse);if(o)return void(yield this.transitionToSales(o));this.eligibleForZeroClick&&(this.zeroClickResponse=yield getZeroClick(this.context));const r=Redirect.build(this.findDomainResponse,this.zeroClickResponse,this.google);if(r)yield this.transitionToRedirect(r);else{if(a)return s=Disabled.build(this.findDomainResponse,this.adblock.state),void(yield this.transitionToDisabled(s,n));i=Failed.noSponsors(this.google),i?yield this.transitionToFailed(i,n):yield this.transitionToParking(n)}}))}transitionToParking(e){return __awaiter(this,void 0,void 0,(function*(){this.state=e,Render.template(e),Render.revealPage(),yield this.google.waitForBlocks(),yield this.track()}))}transitionToRedirect(e){return __awaiter(this,void 0,void 0,(function*(){this.state=e;const t=this.track();Render.revealPage(),yield waiter(e.delay,(e=>Render.loading(e))),yield t,window.location.href=e.url,log(`➡ Redirecting [${e.url}]`)}))}transitionToFailed(e,t){return __awaiter(this,void 0,void 0,(function*(){this.state=e,Render.message(e.message),Render.injectJS(t.javascript),Render.revealPage(),yield this.track()}))}transitionToSales(e){return __awaiter(this,void 0,void 0,(function*(){this.state=e,e.init(this.context),yield this.track()}))}transitionToDisabled(e,t){return __awaiter(this,void 0,void 0,(function*(){this.state=e,Render.message(e.message),Render.injectJS(t.javascript),"adblocker"===e.reason&&t.bannerAdblockerOnly&&Render.revealSalesBanner(),Render.revealPage(),yield this.track()}))}track(){var e;return __awaiter(this,void 0,void 0,(function*(){if(!this.state.track)return Promise.resolve();try{const t=this.state.trackingType;return null===(e=this.pixels)||void 0===e||e.dispatchEvent({type:t}),trackVisit({context:this.context,callbacks:this.google.callbacks},t)}catch(e){return}}))}get eligibleForZeroClick(){const{cannotPark:e,canZeroClick:t,zeroClick:n}=this.findDomainResponse,{cannotLoadAds:i,wantsToServeAds:s}=this.google;return this.adblock.state!==Blocking.BLOCKED&&(!!t&&(!!e||(!(!i||s)||!!(null==n?void 0:n.reason))))}get context(){var e,t,n,i;const s=this.findDomainResponse,a=this.parkResponse,o=null===(e=this.state)||void 0===e?void 0:e.toContext(),r=null===(t=this.adblock)||void 0===t?void 0:t.toContext(),d=null===(n=this.google)||void 0===n?void 0:n.toContext(),c=browserState(),l=Object.assign(Object.assign({},null===(i=this.findDomainResponse)||void 0===i?void 0:i.zeroClick),this.zeroClickResponse);return Object.assign(Object.assign(Object.assign(Object.assign(Object.assign(Object.assign(Object.assign({app_version:APP_VERSION},s),a),r),d),o),c),{zeroClick:l})}init(){return __awaiter(this,void 0,void 0,(function*(){try{window.__parkour=this,yield this.main()}catch(e){console.error("app",e);const t=Failed.fromError(e);this.state=t,Render.message(t.message),Render.revealPage()}}))}}(new App).init(),exports.App=App}));